Bocaparvovirus in infants hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit in Midwest Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021-2022).

Human bocaparvoviruses (HBoVs) belong to the Parvoviridae family, being currently classified into four species (HBoV1-4). These viruses have been found in association with respiratory and gastroenteric symptoms, as well as in asymptomatic individuals. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of HBoVs in infants under 5 months old admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic (between March 2021 and March 2022). Clinical samples (nasopharyngeal swab, serum, stool, and urine) were screened by qPCR TaqMan. The HBoV was detected in samples of 31.6% (12/38) of participants. The most frequent alteration among the HBoV-positive neonates was the chest X-ray with interstitial infiltrate, followed by tachycardia and vomiting. Viral DNA was detected in more than one type of clinical sample in three of the participants in association with respiratory symptoms. Two participants had positive stool samples with or without enteric symptoms. HBoV intermittent and continuous positivity patterns were observed. The present study stands out for the prospective evaluation of positivity for HBoV in different types of clinical samples from a population of hospitalized infants. Our data supports circulation of HBoV in nosocomial environment during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The effectiveness of mobile application for monitoring diabetes mellitus and hypertension in the adult and elderly population: systematic review and meta-analysis.

CONTEXT: Arterial Hypertension (AH) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are diseases that are getting worse all over the world. Linked to this advance, is the growing digital health market with numerous mobile health applications, which aim to help patients and professionals in the proper management of chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, the effectiveness of using mobile health applications in monitoring AH and/or DM in the adult and elderly population. METHODS: The systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metanalyses guidelines and involved searching five databases - Medline/PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Virtual Library in Health and Cochrane Library. The review included randomized and cohort clinical trials testing the effects of the intervention on changing biochemical parameters and clinical efficacy in people treated for AH and/or DM. The quality of the selected studies was assessed based on the evaluation criteria of the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. The random effects meta-analysis method was used to explain effect distribution between studies, by Stata® software (version 11.0) and publication bias was examined by visual inspection of graphs and Egger test. RESULTS: We included 26 studies in the systematic review and 17 in the meta-analysis. These studies were published between 2014 to 2022 in 14 countries. Were reported improvement in knowledge and self-management of AH and DM, social motivation with treatment and behavioral change, reduction in glycated hemoglobin values, fasting glucose and blood pressure, improvement in adherence to drug treatment, among others. The result of the meta-analysis showed that there is evidence that the use of mobile applications can help reduce glycated hemoglobin by 0.39% compared to the usual care group. CONCLUSIONS: Monitoring and self-monitoring of behaviors and health care related to AH and DM in adults and the elderly through mobile applications, has clinically significant effectiveness in reducing glycated hemoglobin levels. Future studies should provide more evidence and recommendations for best practices and development of digital health interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO. International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews. CRD42022361928.

Remodeling dental anatomy vs sham therapy for chronic temporomandibular disorders. A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the etiology or effective treatments for chronic orofacial pain, the majority diagnosed as temporomandibular disorder (TMD), is limited. PURPOSE: To investigate whether occlusal equilibration therapy (ET) and decreasing the (higher) angle of the lateral guidance on the nonworking-side leads to a reduction in chronic TMDs intensity. METHODS: It was conducted a randomized, explanatory, single blind with blinded assessment, placebo-controlled trial with strong protection against bias involving patients with chronic TMDs. Participants were randomly assigned to receive equilibration therapy or sham therapy. ET in this study consisted of minimal invasive occlusal remodeling to obtain balanced occlusion with reduction of the steeper angle of lateral mandibular movement with respect to the Frankfort plane. The primary outcome was a change in the pain intensity score (on a 0-10 point scale, with 0 indicating no pain and 10 the worst possible pain) at month 6. Secondary outcomes include maximum unassisted mouth opening and psychological distress. RESULTS: A total of 77 participants underwent randomization, 39 of whom received ET and 38 sham therapy. The trial was stopped early for efficacy, according to preestablished rules when 67 participants (n = 34, n = 33, respectively) had completed the analysis. At month 6, the mean unadjusted pain intensity score was 2.1 in the ET and 3.6 in the sham therapy group (adjusted mean difference, -1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.5 to -2.6; P = 0.004; ANCOVA model). The mean increase in maximum unassisted mouth opening (main secondary outcome) was significantly higher in the real therapy group (adjusted mean difference 3.1 mm, 95% CI 0.5-5.7, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: ET significantly reduced the intensity of facial pain associated with chronic TMDs and increased maximum unassisted mouth opening, as compared with sham therapy, over the course of 6 months. There were no serious adverse events. Funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III from the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Government of Spain and European Regional Development Fund, Grant nº PI11/02507; "una manera de hacer Europa".

The Incidence of the XRCC1 rs25487 and PON1 rs662 Polymorphisms in a Population from Central Brazil: Patterns in an Area with a High Level of Agricultural Activity.

In Brazil, high levels of agricultural activity are reflected in the consumption of enormous amounts of pesticides. The production of grain in Brazil has been estimated at 289.8 million tons in the 2022 harvest, an expansion of 14.7% compared with 2021. These advances are likely associated with a progressive increase in the occupational exposure of a population to pesticides. The Paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) is involved in liver detoxification; the rs662 variant of this gene modifies the activity of the enzyme. The repair of pesticide-induced genetic damage depends on the protein produced by the X-Ray Repair Cross-Complementing Group 1 gene (XRCC). Its function is impaired due to an rs25487 variant. The present study describes the frequencies of the rs662 and rs25487 and their haplotypes in a sample population from Goiás, Brazil. It compares the frequencies with other populations worldwide to verify the variation in the distribution of these SNPs, with 494 unrelated individuals in the state of Goiás. The A allele of the rs25487 variant had a frequency of 26% in the Goiás population, and the modified rs662 G allele had a frequency of 42.8%. Four haplotypes were recorded for the rs25487 (G > A) and rs662 (A > G) markers, with a frequency of 11.9% being recorded for the A-G haplotype (both modified alleles), 30.8% for the G-G haplotype, 14.3% for the A-A haplotype, and 42.8% for the G-A haplotype (both wild-type alleles). We demonstrated the distribution of important SNPs associated with pesticide exposure in an area with a high agricultural activity level, Central Brazil.

Effect of Adding Matricaria recutita L., Cymbopogon citratus, or Mentha piperita L. Extracts to Fermented Orange Beverage: Sensory Evaluation, Physicochemical Characterization, and Prediction of Toxic Risks and Biological Activity In Silico.

Fermentation is an important tool in producing functional beverages through agro-industrial wastes, and medicinal and aromatic plants due to the specific content of bioactive molecules. Therefore, this study evaluated the contribution of Matricaria recutita (chamomile), Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass), or Mentha piperita (peppermint) extracts to the phytochemical profile and potential biological effects of a functional fermented orange beverage in vitro and in silico. The concentrations of aromatic herbal extracts that yielded the best sensory performance for fermented beverages were selected for analyses that involved characterizing the fermented beverages. The beverages that received the extracts (2%) had the highest phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant potential compared to the control. Hesperidin (124-130 mg L-1), narirutin (66-70 mg L-1), chlorogenic (11-16 mg L-1), caffeic (5.3-5.5 mg L-1), and ferulic (1-1.7 mg L-1) acids were found in the different formulations. The in silico analysis suggested that the evaluated compounds do not present a toxicity risk (mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, hepatotoxicity, and ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier). Additionally, they can contribute to the biological effects of therapeutic importance, such as antioxidant, gastroprotective, and anti-ulcerative properties, and the Mentha piperita L. extract presented the greatest potential among the evaluated herbs for use in functional fermented beverages.

Grape UV-C irradiation in the postharvest period as a tool to improve sensorial quality and anthocyanin profile in 'Cabernet Sauvignon' wine.

Anthocyanins are important compounds in grapes and wine and significantly influence their characteristics. Ultraviolet light-C (UV-C) can be used as a tool to induce secondary metabolism, and in this study, it was used in 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapes in the postharvest period to improve the anthocyanin profile and sensory attributes in wine produced with irradiated grapes. Grapes in the postharvest period were exposed to 0, 2, or 3 kJ m-2 UV-C radiation. After winemaking and storage time (6 months), physicochemical and color analyses, anthocyanin quantification and identification (HPLC-PDA-MS/MS), and sensory analyses were carried out. 'Cabernet Sauvignon' wine produced with grapes irradiated with 3 kJ m-2 UV-C showed increased spectrophotometric color, which is likely due to a 22.5% increase in total anthocyanin monomers, 59.3% of pyranoanthocyanins, 92.3% of direct condensation products, and 62.8% of acetaldehyde-mediated condensation products. In addition, this irradiated dose presented higher perception scores for visual color, aroma, taste, and was preferred by the tasters over the wine produced with non-irradiated grapes. This study is the first of its kind to show that the UV-C radiation treatment of grapes in the postharvest period can be a promising tool to improve the anthocyanin profile and sensorial quality of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' wine. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-021-05191-5.

HIGH PREVALENCE OF NON-ADHERENCE TO ULCERATIVE COLITIS THERAPY IN REMISSION: KNOWING THE PROBLEM TO PREVENT LOSS.

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease whose manifestations can drastically affect the individual's quality of life, and therefore adherence to treatment is important in order to keep it in remission. OBJECTIVE: To verify the prevalence of non-adherence and the influence of sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacotherapeutic characteristics associated with non-adherence to treatment of UC in remission. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted with 90 individuals diagnosed with UC in remission. The information was collected through interviews during medical consultations at Medical Clinic of Gastroenterology of Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. To verify the association of the variables under study with the outcome of interest and its measure of association, Student's t-test or Pearson's chi-square non-parametric test (P<0.05) was used and prevalence ratio and confidence interval were calculated. RESULTS: A high prevalence of non-adherence (77.8%) was found among patients with UC in remission. The individuals most likely to not adhere to the treatment were those aged less than 50 years, who were not engaged in paid work, with high scores for anxiety and who used more than one medication as part of the treatment of UC. CONCLUSION: These findings reinforce that acknowledging the factors that influence the non-adherence behavior is of paramount importance for the development of strategies by health care professionals, assuring that those will be really effective to prolong, as much as possible, one of the most successful ways to maintain the UC remission period: the use of medications.

SARS-CoV-2 loads in urine, sera and stool specimens in association with clinical features of COVID-19 patients.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a priority in public health worldwide, and factors inherent to SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and genomic characteristics are under study. Investigations that evaluate possible risk factors for infection, clinical manifestations, and viral shedding in different specimens also need to clarify possible associations with COVID-19 prognosis and disease outcomes. Study design: In this study, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 positivity and estimated viral loads by real-time RT-PCR in stool, sera, and urine samples from 35 patients, with a positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA molecular test in respiratory sample, attended at a University COVID-19 referral hospital in Goiania, Goias, Brazil. Whole-genome sequencing was also performed in samples with higher viral load. Results: The positivity index was 51.43%, 14.28%, and 5.71% in stool, sera, and urine specimens, respectively. The median viral load was 8.01 × 106 GC/g, 2.03 × 106 GC/mL, and 1.36 × 105 GC/mL in stool, sera, and urine, respectivelly. Of all patients, 88.57% had previous comorbidities, and 48.39% of them had detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA in at least one type of clinical specimen evaluated by this study (stool, sera or urine). A higher viral load was observed in patients with more than two previous comorbidities and that were classified as severe or critical conditions. Samples with the highest viral loads were sequenced and characterized as B.1.1.33 variant. Conclusion: We conclude that SARS-CoV-2 RNA is present in more than one type of clinical specimen during the infection, and that the most critical patients had detectable viral RNA in more than one clinical specimen at the same time point.

Elevada prevalência de não adesão ao tratamento da colite ulcerativa em remissão: conhecer o problema para prevenir o prejuízo / High prevalence of non-adherence to ulcerative colitis therapy in remission: knowing the problem to prevent loss

ABSTRACT Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease whose manifestations can drastically affect the individual's quality of life, and therefore adherence to treatment is important in order to keep it in remission. Objective To verify the prevalence of non-adherence and the influence of sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacotherapeutic characteristics associated with non-adherence to treatment of UC in remission. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted with 90 individuals diagnosed with UC in remission. The information was collected through interviews during medical consultations at Medical Clinic of Gastroenterology of Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. To verify the association of the variables under study with the outcome of interest and its measure of association, Student's t-test or Pearson's chi-square non-parametric test (P<0.05) was used and prevalence ratio and confidence interval were calculated. Results A high prevalence of non-adherence (77.8%) was found among patients with UC in remission. The individuals most likely to not adhere to the treatment were those aged less than 50 years, who were not engaged in paid work, with high scores for anxiety and who used more than one medication as part of the treatment of UC. Conclusion These findings reinforce that acknowledging the factors that influence the non-adherence behavior is of paramount importance for the development of strategies by health care professionals, assuring that those will be really effective to prolong, as much as possible, one of the most successful ways to maintain the UC remission period: the use of medications.

RESUMO Contexto Colite ulcerativa é uma doença inflamatória crônica que pode apresentar manifestações graves que afetam drasticamente a qualidade de vida do indivíduo e, dessa maneira, a adesão ao tratamento é importante a fim de manter a doença em remissão. Objetivo Verificar a prevalência de não adesão e a influência de características sociodemográficas, clínicas e farmacoterapêuticas associadas a não adesão ao tratamento da colite ulcerativa em remissão. Métodos Estudo transversal envolvendo 90 indivíduos diagnosticados com colite ulcerativa em remissão. As entrevistas foram conduzidas durante as consultas médicas realizadas na Clínica Médica de Gastroenterologia do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis com o desfecho de interesse, foi aplicado teste-t de Student ou teste não-paramétrico qui-quadrado de Pearson (P<0,05) e também razão de prevelência e intervalos de confiança foram calculados. Resultados Uma elevada prevalência de não adesão (77,8%) foi encontrada dentre os pacientes com colite ulcerativa em remissão. Os indivíduos mais propensos ao comportamento em questão foram aqueles com menos de 50 anos, sem trabalho remumerado, com escores mais elevados no teste de ansiedade e que utilizavam mais de um medicamento para o tratamento da colite ulcerativa. Conclusão Estes achados reforçam que o conhecimento de fatores que influenciam o comportamento de não adesão é de grande importância para o desenvolvimento de estratégias para a equipe de saúde, garantindo que estas sejam realmente eficazes para prolongar, tanto quanto possível, uma das formas mais bem-sucedidas de manter o período de remissão da colite ulcerativa: o uso de medicamentos.

Enhancement of the Functional Properties of Mead Aged with Oak (Quercus) Chips at Different Toasting Levels.

Consumers increasingly prefer and seek functional beverages, which, given their characteristics, provide important bioactive compounds that help prevent and treat chronic diseases. Mead is a traditional fermented alcoholic beverage made from honey solution. The aging process of mead with oak chips is innovative and bestows functional characteristics to this beverage. Thus, in this study, we sought to develop and characterize a novel functional beverage by combining the health benefits of honey with the traditional aging process of alcoholic beverages in wood. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity were analyzed in mead using oak chips at different toasting levels and aged for 360 days. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS was used to analyze the chemical profile of different meads. Over time, the aging process with oak chips showed a higher total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity. Eighteen compounds belonging to the classes of organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins were identified in meads after 360 days. Our findings revealed that the addition of oak chips during aging contributed to p-coumaric, ellagic, abscisic, and chlorogenic acids, and naringenin, vanillin, and tiliroside significantly impacted the functional quality of mead.

Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA): factors associated with work in adolescence. / Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA): fatores associados ao trabalho na adolescência.

This study aimed to verify the association between work and sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and cardiovascular risk in Brazilian adolescents. Data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) were analyzed, with a sample of 37,815 adolescents aged 12-17 years and morning shift students. Considering complex sampling, crude and adjusted Prevalence Ratios (PR) were calculated with interval estimates for variables by Poisson multiple regression model with robust variance estimate. The sociodemographic factors associated with work among Brazilian adolescents were male gender (PR 1.34), aged 15-17 years, with maternal schooling up to elementary school (PR 1.26), public school students (PR 1.63), and from the rural area (PR 1.90). Regarding lifestyle habits and social behavior, the association was significant in physically active (PR 1.19) and alcohol-consuming students (PR 1.35). In conclusion, work among Brazilian adolescent morning shift students is still strongly linked to social issues. Work was associated with alcohol consumption, and there was no association with metabolic markers.

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar associação entre trabalho e fatores sociodemográficos, de condutas de saúde e de risco cardiovasculares em adolescentes brasileiros. Foram analisados dados do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA), com amostra constituída de 37.815 adolescentes com idades entre 12 e 17 anos, estudantes do turno matutino. Considerando a amostragem complexa, foram calculadas as Razões de Prevalências (RP) brutas e ajustadas com estimativas intervalares para as variáveis usando modelo de regressão múltipla de Poisson com estimativa robusta da variância. Os fatores sociodemográficos associados ao trabalho entre adolescentes brasileiros foram: sexo masculino (RP 1,34), idade entre 15 e 17 anos (RP 1,68), escolaridade materna até o fundamental (RP 1,26), de escola pública (RP 1,63) e da zona rural (RP 1,90). Em relação a hábitos de vida e comportamento social, a associação foi significativa em alunos ativos fisicamente (RP 1,19) e que consumiam álcool (RP 1,35). Em conclusão, o trabalho entre adolescentes brasileiros estudantes do turno matutino ainda está ligado fortemente às questões sociais. O trabalho foi associado ao consumo de álcool e não houve associação com marcadores metabólicos.

Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA): fatores associados ao trabalho na adolescência / Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA): factors associated with work in adolescence

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi verificar associação entre trabalho e fatores sociodemográficos, de condutas de saúde e de risco cardiovasculares em adolescentes brasileiros. Foram analisados dados do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA), com amostra constituída de 37.815 adolescentes com idades entre 12 e 17 anos, estudantes do turno matutino. Considerando a amostragem complexa, foram calculadas as Razões de Prevalências (RP) brutas e ajustadas com estimativas intervalares para as variáveis usando modelo de regressão múltipla de Poisson com estimativa robusta da variância. Os fatores sociodemográficos associados ao trabalho entre adolescentes brasileiros foram: sexo masculino (RP 1,34), idade entre 15 e 17 anos (RP 1,68), escolaridade materna até o fundamental (RP 1,26), de escola pública (RP 1,63) e da zona rural (RP 1,90). Em relação a hábitos de vida e comportamento social, a associação foi significativa em alunos ativos fisicamente (RP 1,19) e que consumiam álcool (RP 1,35). Em conclusão, o trabalho entre adolescentes brasileiros estudantes do turno matutino ainda está ligado fortemente às questões sociais. O trabalho foi associado ao consumo de álcool e não houve associação com marcadores metabólicos.

Abstract This study aimed to verify the association between work and sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and cardiovascular risk in Brazilian adolescents. Data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) were analyzed, with a sample of 37,815 adolescents aged 12-17 years and morning shift students. Considering complex sampling, crude and adjusted Prevalence Ratios (PR) were calculated with interval estimates for variables by Poisson multiple regression model with robust variance estimate. The sociodemographic factors associated with work among Brazilian adolescents were male gender (PR 1.34), aged 15-17 years, with maternal schooling up to elementary school (PR 1.26), public school students (PR 1.63), and from the rural area (PR 1.90). Regarding lifestyle habits and social behavior, the association was significant in physically active (PR 1.19) and alcohol-consuming students (PR 1.35). In conclusion, work among Brazilian adolescent morning shift students is still strongly linked to social issues. Work was associated with alcohol consumption, and there was no association with metabolic markers.

DNA damage induced by cylindrospermopsin on different tissues of the biomonitor fish Poecilia reticulata.

The cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is the second biggest cause of poisoning worldwide, both in humans and animals. Although CYN primarily affects the aquatic environments and can be absorbed in fishes by multiple routes, data reporting its toxicity and mechanism of action are still scarce in this group. Using P. reticulata as model species, it was evaluated whether CYN promotes mutagenic and genotoxic effects in different fish target tissues. Adult females were exposed in a static way to 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 µg L-1 of pure CYN for 24 and 96 hours. For the first time, DNA damage was detected in fish brain after CYN exposition. In brain cells, a concentration-response DNA damage was observed for both exposure times, suggesting a direct or indirect action of CYN in neurotoxicity. For the liver cells, 96 hours caused an increase in DNA damage, as well the highest percentage of DNA in the tail was reached when used 1.5 µg L-1 of CYN. In peripheral blood cells, an increase in DNA damage was observed for all tested concentrations after 96 hours. In erythrocytes, micronuclei frequency was higher at 1.5 µg L-1 treatment while the erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENA) frequency was significantly higher even at the lowest CYN concentration. Such data demonstrated that acute exposition to CYN promotes genotoxicity in the brain, liver, and blood cells of P. reticulata, as well mutagenicity in erythrocytes. It rises an alert regarding to the toxic effects of CYN for aquatic organisms as well as for human health.

Different approaches for aesthetic rehabilitation of discolored nonvital anterior teeth / Diferentes abordagens para reabilitação estética de dentes anteriores escurecidos não-vitais

ABSTRACT An ideal aesthetic standard consists of facial and smile harmony. Discolored teeth generally cause an imbalance in facial aesthetics, leading to low self-esteem and disturbance in social relationships. Causes of teeth discoloration are classified as intrinsic or extrinsic. Bleaching is considered a safe and effective treatment for discolored nonvital teeth and can be associated with restorative treatment to properly correct the dental color and maximize the aesthetic results. This paper aims to present two case reports of single discolored nonvital anterior teeth and the protocol used to reestablish the dental harmony of these patients by bleaching and direct composite resin restoration. To exert minimally invasive dentistry is very important to preserve tooth structure and reduce the risk of fracture. Internal bleaching, although may not be sufficient to reestablish the aesthetic in some cases, it is important to minimize dental preparation to perform an indirect or direct restoration. Dentists must take into account the patients expectations, dominate the restorative technique and know the dental materials to properly be able to restore function and aesthetics and consequently improve life quality and social relationships.

RESUMO Um padrão estético ideal consiste na harmonia facial e do sorriso. Dentes descoloridos geralmente causam um desequilíbrio na estética facial, levando a baixa auto-estima e interferência nas relações sociais. As causas da descoloração dos dentes são classificadas como intrínsecas ou extrínsecas. O clareamento é considerado um tratamento seguro e eficaz para os dentes não vitais escurecidos e pode ser associado ao tratamento restaurador para corrigir adequadamente a cor dental e maximizar os resultados estéticos. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar dois relatos de casos de dentes anteriores não vitais escurecidos e o protocolo utilizado para restabelecer a harmonia dentária desses pacientes por meio de clareamento e restauração direta em resina composta. Para exercer uma Odontologia minimamente invasiva é muito importante preservar a estrutura dentária e reduzir o risco de fratura. O clareamento interno, embora possa não ser suficiente para restabelecer a estética em alguns casos, é importante para minimizar o preparo dental para realizar uma restauração indireta ou direta. Os dentistas devem levar em consideração as expectativas dos pacientes, dominar a técnica restauradora e conhecer os materiais dentários para poder restaurar adequadamente a função e a estética e, consequentemente, melhorar a qualidade de vida e as relações sociais.

A modified hybrid silsesquioxane/histidine composite for copper and zinc adsorption and it behavior in the electro-oxidation of ascorbic acid.

Octa-(3-chloropropryl)silsesquioxane was chemically modified with histidine (SSQ-H) and characterized by spectroscopy in the infrared region (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Dispersive Energy Spectroscopy (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The analytical properties of SSQ-H were tested regarding of Cu2+ and Zn2+ adsorption and as an electrochemical sensor for the detection of ascorbic acid. The metal sorption results indicate that maximum amount of Cu2+ and Zn2+ adsorbed (Nfmax) were 1.58 × 10-3 and 5.67 × 10-4 mol g-1, respectively. After Cu2+ and Zn2+ ion adsorption and interaction with potassium hexacyanoferrate (III), the investigated materials displayed electroactivity for ascorbic acid detection. The anodic peak currents responses of a graphite paste electrode containing CuHCFSSQ-H presented a linear response in the concentration range of 4.0 × 10-4 to 4.0 × 10-3 mol L-1 for ascorbic acid detection. The limit of detection was of 2.99 × 10-4 mol L-1, with an amperometric sensitivity of 1.69 µA/mol L-1. The intensity of the anodic peak currents of the graphite paste electrode containing ZnHCFSSQ-H in the concentration range of 9.0 × 10-5 to 9.0 × 10-4 mol L-1 also displayed a linear response. The limit of detection was of 6.76 × 10-5 mol L-1, with an amperometric sensitivity of 0.0206 A/mol L-1.

Classical human astroviruses in symptomatic and asymptomatic children of Goiás, Brazil: Positivity rates, viral loads, and molecular characterization.

Classical human astroviruses (HAstV) are agents of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis (AGE), being predominant among children. There are only a few studies reporting HAstV loads in samples from patients with AGE, data are even scarcer regarding asymptomatic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and estimate the viral load of HAstV and to perform molecular characterization of positive samples obtained from children, up to 6 years old, with and without AGE. One fecal sample was obtained from each of the 250 children enrolled in the study, from May 2014 to April 2015. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR TaqMan) was performed, followed by a conventional RT-PCR directed to ORF2, region C, of the positive samples. Then, these amplicons were sequenced and a phylogenetic analysis was performed to determine the HAstV-1 lineages. A global positivity index of 3.2% (8 of 250) was observed for HAstV with a similar frequency (50%) in both symptomatic and asymptomatic group. Viral loads ranged from 2.8 × 105 to 1.6 × 1011 genome copy/mL Four samples were characterized as HAstV-1, lineage 1a and two as HAstV-4, lineage 4c. Our findings show similar HAstV positivity rates for children with and without AGE, providing evidence of HAstV-1a and HAstV-4c lineage cocirculation in the Central West region of Brazil. Data contributes to the molecular epidemiology of these agents in the region.

The importance of understanding the distribution of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes and haplotypes in a region with intense agriculture activity.

Brazil is one of the largest pesticide consumers in the world, mainly due to its intense agricultural activity. The State of Goias, situated in Central Brazil, is a region recognized as an essential producer of soy, corn, beans, sorghum, sugar cane, and cotton. In this study, we evaluated 602 unrelated individuals, distributed in central and southern regions in Goias, presenting combined frequencies (haplotypes) of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes. In all municipalities, the frequency of the GSTT1 null genotype was 38.2% and of the GSTM1 null genotype was 50.3%. Goiania, the capital of Goias, presented the highest frequencies of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes, probably due to a founder effect of non-representative colonizing ancestors. So, the ancestral population adapted to the environment, with the frequencies observed in Goiania. However, nowadays, as there is excessive use of pesticides, the community becomes susceptible to the harmful effects of xenobiotics exposure, mainly due to the high frequency of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes. As in Goias, the consumption of pesticides has shown considerable growth, haplotypes with null alleles are of high risk for the population. Our results indicated that it is essential to understand the frequencies of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes for the monitoring of risk groups, like farmers, who have contact with pesticides, directly or indirectly, as well as assisting in the development of preventive medicine practices.

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